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Tarpan is a sacred Hindu ritual performed to honor and offer prayers to one's ancestors (Pitrus). The word "Tarpan" comes from the Sanskrit root "Tarp," which means to satisfy, please, or fulfill. It is a way of showing gratitude and offering respect to the departed souls, seeking their blessings for well-being and peace.
Pitra Dosha Nivaran: Tarpan is considered effective in removing "Pitra Dosha" (ancestral curses) that can cause problems in a person's life, such as financial struggles, health issues, or familial discord. Performing Tarpan helps in alleviating such obstacles.
Peace for Ancestors: The ritual is done with the intention of providing peace to the souls of the ancestors. By performing Tarpan, it is believed that the souls of the departed receive the offerings and are blessed with peace, leading them to attain Moksha (liberation).
Spiritual Merit (Punya): It is believed that performing Tarpan creates spiritual merit (punya), which benefits the person performing the ritual and their family members by bringing prosperity and happiness into their lives.
Family Welfare: Tarpan is said to bring blessings of good health, wealth, and harmony to the performer’s family, ensuring that the departed souls are at peace and their blessings continue to benefit the family.
Fulfillment of Desires: People often perform Tarpan to seek fulfillment of their desires, as the ritual is believed to bring blessings from ancestors that can help in overcoming difficulties and achieving success.
Choosing the Right Time and Place:
Tarpan is ideally performed on specific days like Amavasya (New Moon), Pitru Paksha (a 16-day period dedicated to ancestors), and during Shraddha ceremonies. It is especially beneficial when performed on the day of a deceased family member’s death anniversary.
It can be performed near a water body like a river or pond, though it can also be done at home or a temple.
Prepare the Water: Take a vessel or kalash filled with clean water. In some rituals, black sesame seeds are mixed in water to offer to the ancestors.
Offer Water to the Ancestors: Stand at the water source or a sacred place, holding the water vessel, and offer it in the direction of your ancestors while chanting specific prayers or mantras, such as the Pitru mantra or Gayatri mantra.
Recite Prayers and Mantras: While performing the Tarpan, recite prayers dedicated to your ancestors, such as: "Om Pitru Devaya Namah" or "Om Tarpana Namah."
Offer the Ritual to Ancestors: Offer the water and sesame seeds (or rice) to your ancestors, invoking them and asking for their blessings for your well-being and the peace of their souls.
Donate to Brahmins or the Needy: After completing the ritual, it is customary to donate food, clothes, or money (daakshina) to Brahmins or needy people as a mark of gratitude and to complete the Tarpan ritual.
Completion of the Ritual: Once the offerings are made, the ritual is concluded with the belief that your ancestors' spirits have been honored, and you are blessed with their divine blessings.